Laravel: Menene masu kula da laravel

A cikin tsarin MVC, harafin "C" yana tsaye ga Masu Gudanarwa, kuma a cikin wannan labarin za mu ga yadda ake amfani da Controllers a Laravel. Yana aiki azaman zirga-zirga kai tsaye tsakanin ra'ayoyi da ƙira. A cikin wannan labarin mun ga yadda ake ƙirƙira da saita masu sarrafawa a cikin Laravel.

Creare un controller in laravel

Don ƙirƙirar a controller, Dole ne mu bude umarni da sauri ko tashoshi, bisa ga tsarin aiki da muke amfani da shi, kuma mu rubuta wannan umarni don ƙirƙirar mai sarrafawa ta amfani da Artisan CLI (Command Line Interface).

php artisan make:controller <controller-name> --plain

Sauya <controller-name> da sunan ku controller. Wannan zai haifar da a controller. The controller halitta za a iya duba a app/Http/Controllers .

Za ku ga cewa an riga an yi muku wasu ƙididdiga na asali kuma kuna iya ƙara lambar ku ta al'ada. The controller ƙirƙira za a iya kira daga web.php tare da wadannan syntax.

ginin kalma

Route::get(‘base URI’,’controller@method’);

misali

1 : Guda umarni mai zuwa don ƙirƙirar MyController

php artisan make:controller MyController

2 – Bayan nasarar aiwatarwa, zaku sami fitarwa mai zuwa.

3 – Za mu nemo mai sarrafawa halitta a app/Http/Controller/MyController.php tare da wasu lambar asali da aka riga aka rubuta kuma za mu iya yin canje-canje kamar yadda ake buƙata.

Mai kula da tsakiya

Mun riga mun ga middleware kuma za mu iya amfani da shi tare da na'urar controller. The middleware Hakanan za'a iya sanya shi zuwa hanyar sarrafawa ko a cikin ginin mai sarrafawa. Kuna iya amfani da hanyar middleware don sanyawa middleware al controller. The middleware rajista kuma za a iya iyakance ga wasu hanyoyin na controller.

Sanya tsakiyar kayan aiki zuwa hanya

Route::get('profile', [
   'middleware' => 'auth',
   'uses' => 'UserController@showProfile'
]);

Anan muna sanya tsakiyar kayan aikin tantancewa zuwa UserController a hanyar bayanin martaba.

Ayyukan Middleware a cikin maginin sarrafawa

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class MyController extends Controller {
   public function __construct() {
      $this->middleware('auth');
   }
}

Anan muna sanyawa middleware na tabbatarwa ta amfani da hanyar middleware a cikin ginin gini MyController .

Lura cewa $this->middleware() yana aiki solo idan kun sanya shi a cikin ginin ginin. Idan muka kira $this->middleware() daga takamaiman hanyar sarrafawa, ba zai jefa kowane kurakurai ba amma middleware ba zai yi aiki da gaske ba.

Wannan zaɓin yana da inganci, amma da kaina na gwammace in saka dukkan kayan tsakiya a cikin routes, domin ya fi bayyana inda za a nemo duk middleware.

misali

1 – Bari mu ƙara wadannan lambobin code a cikin fayil hanyoyi/web.php kuma muna ajiyewa.

<?php
Route::get('/mycontroller/path',[
   'middleware' => 'First',
   'uses' => 'MyController@showPath'
]);

2 – Bari mu halitta a middleware da ake kira FirstMiddleware ta hanyar gudanar da layin code na gaba.

php artisan make:middleware FirstMiddleware

3 : ƙara lambar mai zuwa a cikin hanyar rike del FirstMiddleware kawai halitta a app/Http/Middleware .

<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;

class FirstMiddleware {
   public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
      echo '<br>First Middleware';
      return $next($request);
   }
}

4 – Bari mu halitta a middleware da ake kira SecondMiddleware ta hanyar gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

php artisan make:middleware SecondMiddleware

5 : bari mu ƙara da wadannan code a cikin rike Hanyar na SecondMiddleware kawai halitta a app/Http/Middleware .

<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;

class SecondMiddleware {
   public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
      echo '<br>Second Middleware';
      return $next($request);
   }
}

6 : mu kirkiro a controller da ake kira MyController ta hanyar gudanar da layi mai zuwa.

php artisan make:controller MyController

7 - Bayan url ya yi nasara, zaku sami fitarwa mai zuwa -

8 – Kwafi lambar mai zuwa cikin fayil ɗin app/Http/MyController.php.

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class MyController extends Controller {
   public function __construct() {
      $this->middleware('Second');
   }
   public function showPath(Request $request) {
      $uri = $request->path();
      echo '<br>URI: '.$uri;
      
      $url = $request->url();
      echo '<br>';
      
      echo 'URL: '.$url;
      $method = $request->method();
      echo '<br>';
      
      echo 'Method: '.$method;
   }
}

9 – Yanzu bari mu fara uwar garken gidan yanar gizo na php ta hanyar gudanar da umarni mai zuwa, idan ba ku rigaya ba.

php artisan serve

10 – Ziyarci URL mai zuwa.

http://localhost:8000/mycontroller/path

11 – Fitowar zai bayyana kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto mai zuwa.

Kusan duka na'urorin tsakiya suna cikin hannu, amma ɗaya kawai

Controller di restful resource

Sau da yawa lokacin ƙirƙirar aikace-aikacen kana buƙatar yin wani abu CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) . Laravel yana sauƙaƙe wannan aikin. Kawai ƙirƙirar a controller kuma Laravel zai samar da duk hanyoyin don ayyukan ta atomatik CRUD. Hakanan zamu iya yin rikodin hanya ɗaya zuwa duk hanyoyin da ke cikin fayil ɗin route.php.

misali

1 : ƙirƙirar mai sarrafawa da ake kira MyController ta hanyar gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

php artisan make:controller MyController

2 : ƙara code mai zuwa a ciki app/Http/Controllers/MyController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class MyController extends Controller {
   public function index() {
      echo 'index';
   }
   public function create() {
      echo 'create';
   }
   public function store(Request $request) {
      echo 'store';
   }
   public function show($id) {
      echo 'show';
   }
   public function edit($id) {
      echo 'edit';
   }
   public function update(Request $request, $id) {
      echo 'update';
   }
   public function destroy($id) {
      echo 'destroy';
   }
}

3 – Bari mu ƙara da wadannan layi na code a cikin fayil routes/web.php .

Route::resource('my','MyController');

4 - Yanzu muna yin rajistar duk hanyoyin MyController ta hanyar yin rijistar mai sarrafawa tare da albarkatu. A ƙasa akwai teburin ayyukan da mai sarrafa albarkatun ke sarrafa.

Verb	hanyar	Action	Sunan Hanya
SAMU	/ na	index	na. index
SAMU	/na/ halitta	ƙirƙirar	na. halitta
POST	/ na	store	kantina
SAMU	/na/{na}	show	nuni na
SAMU	/my/{nawa}/edit	edit	na.edit
SAKA/PATCH	/na/{na}	update	na.sabunta
share	/na/{na}	Hallaka	na. halaka

5 – Gwada gudanar da URLs da aka nuna a teburin da ke ƙasa.

URL	Descrizione	Fita
http://localhost:8000/my	Yi hanyar index na MyController.php	index
http://localhost:8000/my/create	Yi hanyar ƙirƙirar MyController.php	ƙaddara
http://localhost:8000/my/1	Yi hanyar nuni na MyController.php	show
http://localhost:8000/my/1/edit	Yi hanyar gyara MyController.php	edit

Ercole Palmeri