Umlinganiselo ohambelana nesicwangciso se IBrussels ilungele i55, iphakheji yamanyathelo okulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu, decarbonise Europe, ngokuhambelana ne-ai iinjongo ze-United Nations 2030 Agenda. Ezi ndaba zahlangatyezwana nomxube oqikelelwayo weempendulo: abanye bancoma isigqibo njengokukhangela phambili kwaye banoxanduva lokusingqongileyo; abanye bakubona njengokufikelela ngokugqithisileyo kukarhulumente, uhlaselo lwenkululeko yabathengi kunye nemarike yasimahla. Abanye ngokwenene bathandabuza kakhulu ukuba esi siphumo sinokufezekiswa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iingxabano ezichasene neenqwelo zombane zinokholo okanye akunjalo, inyaniso isala ukuba le teknoloji ihlangabezane nokuchasana okunamandla ukususela ekubeni iimoto zombane zokuqala zathengwa.
Inxalenye yendalo yomntu ixhathisa utshintsho kunye nokungaziwa. Isiko lisinika ukuzithemba xa kuthethwa ngokutya ipizza okanye ukukhetha indlela kwinavigator yemoto.
E-California, kwakhona, ukuvinjelwa kokuthengiswa kweemoto ezivuthayo zangaphakathi kwadluliswa ukususela ngo-2035, kwaye naseCalifornia kwakukho ukuchasana okunamandla.
URosabeth M. Kanter, unjingalwazi wezoqoqosho kwiSikolo soShishino saseHarvard, uthi esona sizathu siphambili sokuba abantu baluxhathise utshintsho kukuba boyika ukungakwazi ukulawula ubomi babo.
“Kubantu abaziva ngathi ubomi buyaphuma kulawulo lwabo banokungafuni ukunyanzelwa ukuba benze utshintsho,” utshilo uKanter.
Nangona kunjalo, uKanter uphawula ukuba uninzi lwezinto ezintsha zetekhnoloji zamkelwe ngezandla ezivulekileyo. I-smartphone, umzekelo. Iimoto, ewe, zinomjikelo wobomi obude, ubuncinci amaxesha amathathu ukuya kwamane ubude kunalowo we-smartphone. Kodwa kutheni eYurophu, kwaye ngakumbi iCalifornia, kuye kwakho ukuchasana okungaka kwisabelo esikhulayo sentengiso yezithuthi zombane?
Impendulo ecacileyo lixabiso. Ii-smartphones azibizi, kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-700 yeedola kunye ne-70.000 yeedola. Ibhetshi yangoku yezithuthi zombane endleleni zibiza kakhulu kumntu oqhelekileyo.
Ukwazi ukuba imfuno iya kudlula umthamo wemveliso, abavelisi bezithuthi zombane bakhethe ukubonelela ngeemodeli zokunethezeka kuqala ukuze bafumane imali eninzi ngokunyusa imveliso. Kwaye ngelixa ii-OEMs zelifa zikumanqanaba okuqala kwaye ke ngoko zisengethuba ukutshintsha le ntshukumo, iindleko zisaphezulu kakhulu.
UKanter uthi ukwenza abathengi bamkele itekhnoloji entsha, inguqu kufuneka ihambe kakuhle. Kufuneka kube lula, kufuneka kubekho abaququzeleli bobabini ngokwemiqathango yezoqoqosho kunye nokuchithwa kwezithuthi ezindala.
Kusekumxholo wotshintsho olugudileyo: iziseko zokutshaja zihlala ngomnye umqobo omkhulu. Ngapha koko, eYurophu nase-United States, amaziko okutshaja awanelanga, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana wonke umntu ukuba akhwele kwisithuthi sombane ngokukhawuleza, amazwe kuya kufuneka enze ukutshaja iimoto zombane ngokulula kangangoko.
U-Kanter uphinde wathi iifowuni ezintsha zibonelela ngokukhawuleza kwaye zicacileyo. Iimephu kunye nokufikelela kwi-intanethi zizodwa zingathengisa izixhobo. Bakwaqhagamshele abathengi kwiinethiwekhi ebezingafikeleleki ngaphandle kwesixhobo.
“Oko xa umsebenzisi ebona izinto eziluncedo kubo, awusenamsebenzi,” utshilo uKanter. "Iinzuzo zilapha phambi kwabo."
Izibonelelo zezithuthi zombane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zibuqili okanye zikhona. Ukubala iindleko zokutshaja kwakhona isithuthi okanye iindleko ngekhilomitha nganye yokuqhuba kufuna ukuqhelana kakuhle nezibalo, umlinganiselo, intetho.
Ewe yinyaniso. Kutshiphu ukuqhuba isithuthi sombane ngekhilomitha nganye kunokuzalisa ipetroli, kodwa ukuze uyiqonde kufuneka wazi ukuba yintoni i-kilowatt iyure kunye nokuba ingakanani na isithuthi sakho esisetyenziswayo ngekhilomitha yohambo kunye nokuba ungakanani na iindleko zombane ngekilowathi ngeyure. Iinzuzo zemozulu ngokwenene zisebenza kuphela kwinqanaba lentlalo kunye mhlawumbi neplanethi.
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