“Ndim umlindi wamangcwaba omkhenkce, apho amathambo abo babeze kutshintsha imizimba yabo ukuze baphumle ngokwenziwa. Apha ndaphinda ndatshintsha umzimba wam ukuze ndibe ngowomatshini ndaza ndaqalisa uhambo oluya kwezinye iiplanethi. Kodwa ndaqala ukuziva ndinostalgic ngomzimba wam womntu, ndandifuna ukuza kuwuthatha kwakhona. Ndim lo njengoko ndandinjalo ngaphambili ... akukho mzimba wasekhaya unokuba mhle ngakumbi. " -ithathwe kwi "Galaxy Express 999 - I-Movie" ekhokelwa nguRintarō - 1979.
Umboniso bhanyabhanya oshukumayo omhle othi "Galaxy Express 999 - Imuvi" ibekwe kwikamva elikude apho abona bantu bazizityebi banokubhatala ukuze bancame ubume babo bobuntu ukuze baguqukele kubuchwephesha beteknoloji ekwaziyo ukubanika amandla kunye nokungafi. Kweli xesha likude, uTetsuro oselula uya kuhamba aye kufikelela kwiplanethi ekude ebizwa ngokuba yiAndromeda apho aya kuba nokufikelela simahla kwitekhnoloji eya kumvumela ukuba afumane umzimba womatshini.
UTetsuro sele ephile eyona minyaka imnyama yobomi bakhe ehlwempuzeke, efumana ihlazo elongezelelekileyo lokungakwazi ukukhusela unina kumsindo weMechanical Duke ekhohlakeleyo, indoda eyathi, ngokuncama umzimba wayo wobuntu, kubonakala ngathi inikezele. buphucule ubuntu bakhe.
Umzobo womlindi wamangcwaba omkhenkce kunye nelo Mechanical Duke sisilumkiso sokungahoyi iziphumo ezinokwenzeka zokulahleka komzimba: ehluthwe eyakhe, umlindi uya kukhetha ukuhlala ngonaphakade ecaleni kwentsalela yakhe yokufa asuka kuyo. ayisayi kuba nako ukwahlula; ngelixa i-Mechanical Duke, ihluthwe lonke uvelwano, iya kuchitha ixesha layo ibulala abantu, abajonga ukuba bangaphantsi kwaye bengafanelanga naluphi na uvelwano.
URaymond Kurzweil, isazi sekhompyuter kunye nengcali ye-AI, ungomnye wabaphambili bentshukumo ye-transhumanist kwaye ukucinga kwakhe kuphenjelelwa kakhulu yinkolelo yokuba ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza buza kufikelela kubuchwephesha obubodwa:
Nje ukuba singene kwiSingularity siya kuyeka ukuba zizidalwa ezingenakuzenzela nto kunye nezakudala, oomatshini benyama abalinganiselwe kwiingcinga kunye nesenzo ngumzimba oyinxalenye yethu yangoku. Ubunye buya kusivumela ukuba soyise imida yemizimba yethu yebhayoloji kunye nengqondo. Siya kufumana amandla phezu kwekamva lethu. Ukufa kwethu kuya kuba sezandleni zethu. ” – Raymond Kurzweil
I-Kurzweil's transhumanism iqala kwingcamango yokuba iteknoloji efakwe ebantwini akufanele ibonwe njengeenkqubo zokulawula kunye nokulawula, kodwa njengamathuba okomeleza nokuphucula isakhiwo somntu. Umzimba womntu umele umda kwindaleko kodwa lo mda unokoyiswa ekugqibeleni ngetekhnoloji.
Ubuninzi bezinto ezifunyenweyo zetekhnoloji kungekudala ziya kukwazi ukutyhala umntu ukuya kwinqanaba elitsha lokuzivelela kwendalo, ukungafi ngokwako kunokufezekiswa ngokudityaniswa komntu kunye nomatshini.
Kodwa ngaba siqinisekile ukuba umntu unokungenelwa kolu manyano kuphela?
Kwisincoko sakhe esithi “Life 3.0”, uMax Tegmark wenza i-excursus enika umdla kwingqikelelo yobomi ngokubeka itekhnoloji kwinqanaba elikhethekileyo lokuzivelela kwayo, oko kukuthi, ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzivelela kwezinto eziphilayo (ayibiza ngokuba bubomi 1.0) kunye nendaleko yenkcubeko (eyibiza ngokuba yi-biological evolution). ubomi 2.0).
Ukuziphendukela kwezobuchwepheshe (okt ubomi 3.0) kuya kuvumela umntu ukuba aphinde ahlele zombini izinto eziphilayo kunye nenkcubeko, ukunika zombini ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza njengoko kuqikelelwa yi-transhumanists.
“Ubomi be-1.0 abukwazi ukuyila kwakhona ihardware okanye isoftwe yayo. Ubomi 2.0 bungumntu kunye nebhayoloji kwaye inokuphinda ihlengahlengise uninzi lwesoftware yayo (ngenkcubeko), kodwa hayi ihardware yayo. I-Life 3.0, engekabikho eMhlabeni nangona iphantse yalapha, ayingomntu kwaye ayingomntu kwaye ayingobantu okanye i-biological okanye itekhnoloji kwaye iyakwazi ukuyila ngokutsha kungekuphela nje isoftware yayo kodwa kunye nehardware yayo. ” -Max Tegmark
Inyani yokuba uMax Tegmark enxulumanisa ingqikelelo ye "hardware" kunye nendalo yebhayoloji kunye nengqikelelo "yesoftware" yeentlobo eziphilayo kunye nendaleko yenkcubeko, ibonisa indlela iithiyori zakhe ezibekwe kwimeko yembono yokuba ilizwe lezilwanyana lithelekiseka nobumbini boomatshini bedijithali. yemodeli ye-Von Neumann, okt yenziwe yiyunithi yokucubungula ephakathi (ingqondo) kunye ne-hardware yokusebenzisana nehlabathi (umzimba).
Izinto eziphilayo eziphambili ezifana neebhaktheriya, ezingenalo naliphi na ilungu elinokuthelekiswa nokude nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, imilenia yayinakho ukunxulumana nehlabathi elibangqongileyo ngokuchonga nokuleqa iiswekile abazibawelayo, ngenxa yokuguquguquka komzimba. isebenza ngokungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwenkqubo yokwenziwa kolwazi esembindini. Ngandlel’ ithile, zimela uhlobo lobomi bemichiza obungekho zingqondweni njengoko busebenza kakuhle.
Oomatshini bakaTheo Jansen abangaqhelekanga bamele isifundo sophando esinomdla ngobomi ngokusebenzisa oomatshini. I-"Strandbeesten" yakhe (oko kukuthi izilwanyana zaselwandle) zizidalwa ezikwazi ukuhamba ngokuzimeleyo, zityhalwa ngamandla omoya.
Ezi zidalwa "zihlala" elunxwemeni kwaye, ukuphepha ukuphela kwamanzi, ezinye zazo zinenzwa eyenziwe ngeentambo kunye neebhotile ezivumela ukuba bazi xa zisondele kakhulu elwandle kwaye ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe indlela.
“Ukususela ngowe-1990 bendisebenzela ukudala iintlobo ezintsha zobomi. Endaweni ye-pollen kunye nembewu ndiye ndasebenzisa iityhubhu zeplastiki ezityheli njengemathiriyeli ekrwada yolu hlobo lutsha. Ndidala amathambo anokuhamba nomoya, ngoko akuyomfuneko ukuba atye. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, la mathambo aye akwazi ukusinda kwizinto ezifana nezaqhwithi namanzi, injongo yam kukukhulula ezi zilwanyana ziyimihlambi ziye elunxwemeni ukuze ziphile ubomi bazo.” – Theo Jansen
Yakhelwe ngumntu kwaye iqhutywa ngumoya, ngaba oomatshini bakaJansen bayimbonakaliso yokwenyani yobomi okanye akunjalo? Ukuba sizibekela umda ekujongeni ezi ntlobo zezilwanyana ngokwembono epheleleyo, sinokucinga ukuba ubukho bazo ngandlel’ ithile bufana nobo bezidalwa zamandulo. Kwaye ukuba nabani na unokuqaphela ukungabikho kwezenzo ezijoliswe ekuzikhuseleni ukuba zonke izinto eziphilayo zifana, ndingathanda ukubonisa ukuba uTheo Jansen uhlala esebenza kwizidalwa zakhe, edala iintlobo eziye zaqhubela phambili ekukwazi ukuhamba. kwaye sisinde.
Ukuba oko indalo ekunike umntu kuthathe amawaka eminyaka ukuba ifezeke, ngaba siqinisekile ngenene ukuba sinokuwacinezela amanyathelo alandelayo endaleko yethu kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka sikhokelwa ngumnqweno wokuzilawula, nto leyo, ekugqibeleni, ibonakala ngathi ukukhohlisa ngamandla onke?
Ukuba i-transhumanism ichaza ukoyisa imida yezinto eziphilayo kunye nokulawulwa kokuvela kweentlobo zethu, ukutshintshela iinkqubo zebhayoloji ezilumkileyo zokukhethwa kwendalo kunye neteknoloji, yenza njalo ngokuphakamisa oko kubonakala kuphela "ukulawulwa kwenguqulelo" yomzimba kunye namalungu ayo angayihoyi indima yoluntu kwimeko yendalo.
I-Transhumanism iyayibetha ngoyaba into yokuba i-evolution yinkqubo entsonkothileyo engakhathaleli umntu yedwa, kodwa yonke i-ecosystem eye yamzalela amakhulu amawaka eminyaka.
Ukuba siqwalasela ukulahleka kokulinganisela kwi-ecosystem, kulula ukuqonda ukuba inqanaba elitsha "lomntu" elisekelwe ekudibaniseni komntu kunye nobuchwepheshe ayisimpendulo kwiingxaki zendalo; ngokuchaseneyo, yona ngokwayo ayinakubakho xa kungekho mithombo yendalo kunye namandla ayimfuneko kuyo.
I-Transhumanism ibonakala ingenye indlela yokusombulula iingxaki ezithwaxa ihlabathi, i-egocentric kunye ne-personalist indiza phambili yomntu, exhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokwenza njalo, ngokukhululekileyo ukhetha ukungazihoyi iingxaki ezijongene neteknoloji ngokwayo, ukuguquka. ngokwakhe kwindlela entsha yokuphila.
Akukhathaliseki ukuba umntu unqwenela ukuwujonga kweliphi na imbono lo mbuzo: nokuba kumbono wezinto eziphathekayo, indalo inokugqalwa njengeqonga letekhnoloji ephucuke kakhulu kwaye umntu uphuma ngokuthe ngqo kobunzima bakhe obukhulu kwaye obungenakuchazwa. Kwaye ukuphawula ukufa njengomda wemeko yomntu kubonisa umnqweno wokungajongi indaleko ngokwembono efanelekileyo.
Kufuneka samkele ukuba siyinxalenye ye-ikhosistim ekwaziyo ukubuyisela impilo-ntle esiyidingayo sonke ngaphakathi kwemida yobukho bethu.
Inqaku le Gianfranco Fedele
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