Inkqubo, ubuchwepheshe kunye nemveliso entsha

Inkqubo yokuyila luhlobo lwento entsha ekhokelela ekwandiseni nasekuphuculeni ubuchule kunye neetekhnoloji zemveliso kunye nokuhanjiswa kweemveliso.

Ngokwamanqanaba acetywayo ngusosayensi uqoqosho uJoseph Schumpeter, inkqubo yokuyila izinto ezintsha yahlukile:

1. Ukuveliswa kwemveliso kukwaziswa kwintengiso yemveliso entsha okanye inkonzo. Ingaba sisiseko esitsha okanye esonyukayo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni yimveliso entsha okanye ukuphuculwa kwemveliso esele ikho. Imveliso entsha (ikhompyuter) idala imarike entsha. Kwelinye icala, ukuphuculwa kwemveliso kungadala icandelo elitsha lepakethi (ithebhulethi) okanye ukubuyisela endaweni kwaye kunike iimveliso zangaphambili kwimarike efanayo yesalathiso.
2. Ukwenza izinto ezintsha kukwenziwa kwenkqubo entsha yokuvelisa eyonyusa ukusebenza kwemveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye / okanye ukwandisa imveliso. Ingaba sisiseko esitsha okanye esonyukayo ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni inguqulelo ibandakanya inkqubo entsha yokuvelisa okanye ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo esele ikho. Umzekelo wenkqubo yokuqalwa kwezinto ezintsha kukungeniswa komgca wendibano kwimveliso ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini.

Ukuveliswa kwetekhnoloji yenye yezinto eziqhuba kuhlumo loqoqosho kunye nokhuphiswano. Ukuqaliswa kwendlela entsha yokwenza izinto kuyakwazi ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo intengiselwano phakathi kweenkampani kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezifanayo eluntwini.

I-teknoloji entsha yinkqubo yentlalo eguqukayo ehlala ihamba kunye nezinye iindlela zokuhlaziya, ezifana neempawu zemveliso, iindlela zokulawula ishishini, izicwangciso zokuthengisa kunye nezixhobo, kunye neendlela zokuxhasa ngemali iimveliso ezintsha. Xa iimveliso ezintsha, iinkonzo okanye iindlela ezintsha zokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo ziqaliswa emarikeni, sithetha ngokutsha kweteknoloji.

Ukusungula iteknoloji ingaba defiichazwa njengomsebenzi owenziwe ngabom weenkampani kunye namaziko ajolise ekwaziseni iimveliso ezintsha kunye neenkonzo ezintsha, kunye neendlela ezintsha zokuvelisa, ukuhambisa kunye nokuzisebenzisa. Ngamanye amazwi, kukuguquka kwexesha lenkqubo yokudala iimveliso ezithile, iinkonzo kunye nobuchwepheshe ngenxa yokwandiswa kolwazi lobugcisa kunye nesayensi.

Utshintsho lwetekhnoloji luchaphazela ukuphuculwa kobuchwepheshe obukhoyo okanye iinkqubo zenkqubo, kunye neetekhnoloji ezintsha ezithatha indawo yezakudala okanye ezingafanelekanga. Eminye imizekelo yetekhnoloji entsha ibandakanya iikhompyuter, ii-smartphones, ii-microchips, itekhnoloji yedijithali, nokunye okuninzi.

Ercole Palmeri