Amathrendi asafufusa kanye nezinto ezintsha ocwaningweni lwebhayoloji: ukusuka ebhentshini ukuya eceleni kombhede

I-Biologics iye yavela njengesigaba semithi emisha, ishintsha umkhakha wezokwelapha ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe.

Ngokungafani nezidakamizwa ze-molecule ezincane zendabuko, izidakamizwa ze-biologic zithathwe ezintweni eziphilayo, njengamaseli noma amaprotheni, futhi aklanyelwe ukuxhumana nokuhlosiwe kwamangqamuzana athile emzimbeni.

Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele sibavumela ukuthi banikeze ukwelashwa okucacile kakhulu futhi okuphumelelayo kwezinhlobonhlobo zezifo.

Ukwakhiwa kwemithi ye-biologic kuye kwavula izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezingelapheki ngaphambilini. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zibonise impumelelo ephawulekayo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-oncology, izifo ezizimele, kanye nezifo ezingavamile zofuzo. Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zemithi ye-biologic yikhono layo lokushintsha indlela yokusabela komzimba, okuye kwaholela ekuthuthukeni okuphawulekayo emkhakheni we-immunotherapy.

I-insulini

Enye yempumelelo yokuqala emkhakheni we-biologics kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-insulin yokulawula isifo sikashukela. Ngaphambi kwe-biologics, i-insulin yenziwa ngamanyikwe ezilwane, okwaholela ezinkingeni kanye nokutholakala okulinganiselwe. Ukwethulwa kwe-recombinant DNA technology kwenze ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin yomuntu, kwashintsha izimpilo zezigidi zeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela emhlabeni jikelele.

I-Anticorpi monoclonali

Amasosha omzimba e-Monoclonal (mAbs) ayisigaba esibalulekile se-biologics esithole impumelelo enkulu ku-oncology. Lawa ma-antibody aklanyelwe ukukhomba amaprotheni athile noma ama-receptors kumaseli e-tumor, awamaka ukuthi abhujiswe amasosha omzimba. Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-trastuzumab zithuthukise kakhulu amazinga okusinda ezigulini ezinomdlavuza webele one-HER2, kuyilapho i-rituximab iguqule ukwelashwa kwamanye ama-lymphomas kanye nezifo ezizimele.

Izifo ze-Autoimmune

Umkhakha we-biologics ubuye wabona inqubekelaphambili ephawulekayo ekwelapheni izifo ezizimele njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, i-psoriasis kanye ne-multiple sclerosis. Ama-Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, afana ne-adalimumab ne-infliximab, abe nesandla ekudambiseni izimpawu kanye nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo kulezi zimo. Ukwengeza, izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelwe ku-interleukin zibonise isithembiso ekulawuleni ukuvuvukala kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesistimu yomzimba.
Naphezu kwamandla azo amakhulu, i-biologics iza nezinselele ezithile, okuhlanganisa izindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza, izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye namandla okuzivikela komzimba. Ngokungafani nezidakamizwa ze-molecule ezincane, ezingenziwa kalula, izidakamizwa ze-biologic zidinga izinqubo ze-biotechnological eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezizenza zibize kakhulu ukuzikhiqiza.
I-Immunogenicity ingenye ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile lapho usebenzisa i-biologics. Ngenxa yokuthi athathwe ezintweni eziphilayo, kunengozi yokuthi amasosha omzimba angase abone lezi zindlela zokwelapha njengezingaphandle futhi aqinise amasosha omzimba kuzo. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukusebenza kwayo futhi, kwezinye izimo, kubangele ukusabela okungekuhle. Ucwaningo olunzulu nokuhlolwa okuqinile kuyadingeka ukuze kuncishiswe ukuzivikela komzimba nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesiguli.
Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, ikusasa lemikhiqizo ephilayo libonakala lithembisa. Intuthuko kwezobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo kanye ne-biotechnology iqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela zokwelapha zesizukulwane esilandelayo, njengokwelashwa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nokwelashwa okusekelwe kumaseli, okunamandla okwelapha izifo ezingelapheki ngaphambilini.

Ekuphetheni

I-Biologics iguqule isimo semithi yesimanje ngokunikeza izindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe ngokunemba nokusebenza ngempumelelo okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili. Ikhono labo lokusebenzisana nezinto ezithile ezihlosiwe zamangqamuzana emzimbeni liye laholela entuthukweni ephawulekayo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezokwelapha. Njengoba ucwaningo nobuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, ngokungangabazeki i-biologics izodlala indima ebaluleke nakakhulu ekubhekaneni nezimo zezempilo eziyinselele kakhulu ezibhekene nesintu.

BlogInnovazione.it