La blockchain yeBitcoin yayingowokuqala. Izinkinga zokukala zeBitcoin zivimbele ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi zakhiwe. Ngakho kwazalwa abanye blockchain njenge-Ethereum ne-EOS.
Kwabanye, Blockchain iqukethe kuphela amabhlogo okwenziwayo, kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwesizindalwazi blockchain kanye nesizindalwazi esivamile izinga lokuhlanganisa indawo eyodwa elidingekayo ukuze sisebenze njengoba kuhlosiwe. Ngesizindalwazi esimaphakathi, umgomo uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseva ahlala esondelene ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi idatha idluliswa ngempumelelo enkulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isizindalwazi esihlukaniselwe abantu siyayeka lesi sifiso sejubane ukuze sithole insiza eyengeziwe etholakala kusizindalwazi esingafinyeleleka kalula kunoma yikuphi emhlabeni. Uma lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuhlanganiswa nezici eziyingqayizivele zokuphepha ze blockchain, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi aluyi ndawo uma selungenile, kanye nekhono lalo lokuhlunga kalula amabhulokhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi livelaphi, uthola uhlelo olusha lwamabhange oluguquguqukayo oluvikelekile, oluzibambele mathupha, futhi oluzimele.
Kungenzeka ukucabanga ngomunye blockchain okudlulisa imali ngendlela efanayo ne-inthanethi edlulisela ngayo ulwazi.
Idatha egcinwe kubhulokhi ngayinye ye-a blockchain zingahlukaniswa ngobunono zibe izinhlobo ezimbili; idatha ukuthi i-block yadalwa ukuze igcinwe kanye nedatha mayelana ne-block ngokwayo. Inani elikhulu lale datha ngokwemvelo lizoba idatha abasebenzisi abayengeza ochungechungeni noma okwenziwa yi-cryptocurrency okwenzeka ngokuhambisana ne-cryptocurrency eyodwa noma enye. Uma ibhulokhi igcwele futhi ilungele ukwengezwa ku-a blockchain, idinga ukuqinisekiswa inkampani yangaphandle ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi isemthethweni.
Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, i-block izobe yamukelwa ku- blockchain, ngemva kokubethelwa kusetshenziswa umsebenzi we-hash. Kanjalo, ngisho noma umgebengu we-inthanethi efinyelela ngokungemthetho kumabhlogo anolwazi lomuntu siqu kuwo, azokwazi ukubona umsebenzi we-hashi kuphela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi we-hash usebenza njengohlobo lomunwe we-cryptographic, okusho ukuthi uma noma yiluphi ulwazi olukubhulokhi lushintshiwe, i-hashi ephumayo nayo izoshintsha.
Ungahle uthande: Ungakuletha kanjani okusha enhlanganweni yakho
Uma i-block iyingxenye ye- blockchain, i-hashi yayo ibe isifakwa ku-hashi yalawo mabhulokhi ayizungezile, njalo njalo njalo njalo, kuze kube yilapho yonke blockchain ayinayo i-hashi eyingqayizivele, ebuyekezwa njalo lapho ibhulokhi entsha yengezwa ku-chain. Uma imininingwane yebhulokhi ingafani neyamabhulokhi azungezile, ibhulokhi entsha ngeke ilijoyine ochungechungeni.
Isihlahla se-Merkle igama elinikezwe inqubo blockchain okuqinisekisa ukuthi i blockchain kungenziwa ngendlela ehlukanisiwe. Iwuchungechunge lwezici ezivumela i- blockchain ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke into ilungile.
Futhi kwenza kube lula ukuyeka ukuthengiselana ezinkulu zezezimali emabhulokini okulula ukuphatha. Lokhu kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balandele ukugeleza kwedatha yebhizinisi ngendlela elula kakhulu.
I-hashi okuyisamba esiphelele sayo yonke eminye i-hashes kwistakethi yaziwa ngokuthi i-hash yezimpande. Umuthi weMerkle uyakwazi ukuqinisa i-hash yezimpande njengoba ikhona maqondana ne-hash yakamuva kakhulu eqinisekiswe ngokusemthethweni, ukunquma ukungafani okungaba khona.
Uma kutholakala lokhu kungafani, inqubo iyaqalwa, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inqubo ejwayelekile ayincishiswa ngenkathi inkinga okukhulunywa ngayo isingathwa.
Ercole Palmeri
Umphathi Wokuvuselelwa Kwesikhashana
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