Iyini i-Industry 5.0? Umehluko nge-Industrial 4.0

Imboni 5.0 igama elisetshenziswa ukuchaza isigaba esilandelayo senguquko yezimboni.

Igxile ebudlelwaneni phakathi komuntu nomshini embonini yokukhiqiza.

Isikhathi sokufunda esilinganiselwe: 6 imizuzu

Iyini Imboni 5.0

Imboni 5.0 kuwumqondo osuselwe kwinqubekelaphambili yezimboni 4.0, egcizelela ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zamarobhothi, i-Inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuhlaziywa kwe-Big Data ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinqubo zokukhiqiza.

Kodwa-ke, i-Industry 5.0 ihamba phambili ngokugqamisa ukubaluleka koku ukubandakanyeka kwabantu kanye nokusebenzisana ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza.

Igama elithi “Industry 5.0” livele okokuqala ngo-2017 ephepheni lezemfundo elinesihloko esithi “Industry 5.0-The Human-Technology Symbiosis” ka-Schuh et al. Ababhali baphikisa ngokuthi nakuba i-Industry 4.0 ilethe intuthuko enkulu ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza, iphinde yaveza ukukhathazeka. mayelana nomthelela wokuzenzakalela emsebenzini kanye nokulahlekelwa ukubandakanyeka komuntu enqubweni yokukhiqiza. Lolu hlobo lwemboni luhlose ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokugqamisa ukubaluleka koku ukusebenzisana komshini womuntu kanye nokudala izindlela ezingokwemvelo nezinembile zokuthi abantu basebenzisane nemishini.

Ngakho-ke, ukubaluleka kwe-Industry 5.0 kubalulekile ekunikezeni ithuba lokudala imboni yokukhiqiza esimeme futhi enobuntu. Ngokugcizelela kakhulu isici somuntu enqubweni yokukhiqiza, i-Industrial 5.0 ingaba negalelo ukudala imisebenzi eyengeziwe nenenzuzo kubasebenzi e ukuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza. Iphinde inikeze amandla okudala izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezengeziwe esebenza kahle futhi evumelana nezimo, ihlomele kangcono ukuzivumelanisa nezimfuno zemakethe ezishintshayo kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-supply chain.

Ngoba ibizwa nge-Industry 5.0

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwemboni kuye kwabonakala ngokuthi izinguquko ezinkulu. Ngalo mqondo, i-Industrial 5.0 iyingxenye yalezi zinguquko, kubhekiselwa ku- I-Fifth Industrial Revolution. Ngokomlando, sibona izigaba ezilandelayo zomkhakha:

• Imboni 1.0 : Uguquko lokuqala lwezimboni lwabonakala ngokusuka emsebenzini wezandla ukuya ekukhiqizeni umshini, okuxhaswe ngamanzi nesitimu. Lesi sikhathi kwazalwa izimboni zendwangu, ka izinjini zomusi kanye nesistimu yefekthri.
• Imboni 2.0: Uguquko lwesibili lwezimboni lwaphawulwa ngokufika kokukhiqizwa ngobuningi kanye nokufakwa kukagesi. Ubuchwepheshe obusha njenge Umugqa womhlangano, i-telegraph kanye nocingo kwavumela ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla ngobuningi kanye nokwandiswa kwe amanethiwekhi okuxhumana.
• Imboni 3.0: Inguquko yesithathu yezimboni, eyaziwa nangokuthi inguquko yedijithali, ibone ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwe ubuchwepheshe bolwazi kanye ne-automation. Lesi sikhathi sabona ukuvela kwamakhompiyutha omuntu siqu, i-intanethi, kanye nokuzenzekelayo kwezinqubo eziningi zokukhiqiza.
• Imboni 4.0: Inguquko yesine yezimboni ifana kakhulu ne-Industrial 3.0 kodwa ikakhulukazi ibonakala ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zamarobhothi, i-Inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuhlaziywa kwe-Big Data ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinqubo zokukhiqiza. Ukwengeza, i-Industrial 4.0 iphinde igqamise ukusetshenziswa kwamarobhothi azimele, ukuphrinta kwe-3D, kanye neqiniso elingeziwe ukuze adale izinhlelo zokukhiqiza eziguquguqukayo nezisebenza kahle.
• Imboni 5.0: Imboni yesikhathi esizayo ithuthukisa Imboni yanamuhla 4.0. Igxile kakhulu ubudlelwano be-symbiotic phakathi komuntu nomshini ukwandisa amakhono abantu kanye nokwenza ngcono izimo zokusebenza. Iphinde igcizelele ukusimama kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile njengobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza ingqondo ukuze kwakhiwe izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziguquguqukayo, eziguquguqukayo nezisebenza ngempumelelo.

Izici Eziyinhloko Zomkhakha 5.0

Ngezansi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-Industrial 5.0:

Amasistimu okukhiqiza kwengqondo

Sebenzisa amasistimu okukhiqiza kwengqondo ku ukwazi ukufunda kokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezishintshayo, okuholela ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza ezinekhono.

Ukusebenzisana komshini womuntu

Igxile ekudaleni izindlela ezingokwemvelo nezihlakaniphile zokuthi abantu basebenzisane nemishini. Ngokwesibonelo, ngezwi nokubonwa kokuthinta, kuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzi kanye nokukhiqiza.

Indlela egxile kumuntu

Imboni 5.0 igcizelela kakhulu ukusebenzisana umshini womuntu, onobuchwepheshe obuklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa amakhono abantu esikhundleni sokuwashintsha.

Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili

Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obufana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, amarobhothi kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto ukuze udale amasistimu okukhiqiza avumelana nezimo, avumelana nezimo futhi asimeme.

Ukusimama

Gcizelela i umthwalo kwezemvelo, ngezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukumosha nokungcoliswa kanye nokusebenzisa kahle imithombo yemvelo.

Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-Industry 5.0?

Izinzuzo zesisebenzi

Umbiko we-European Commission onesihloko esithi “Industry 5.0: ibheke embonini yaseYurophu eqinile, egxile kubantu futhi esimeme” igqamisa ukubaluleka kwabantu ezimbonini ezihlakaniphile: “Imfuneko ebalulekile ye-Industrial 5.0 ukuthi ubuchwepheshe busiza abantu kunokuthi abantu baqhubeke bejwayelana nobuchwepheshe obushintsha njalo.".

Umbiko ucaphuna iphrojekthi yocwaningo I-Factory2Fit, egxile ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa impilo nempilo yabasebenzi. Elinye lamasu anjalo lalihilela ukudala “imboni engokoqobo” lapho abasebenzi benikeza impendulo yomuntu siqu futhi babambe iqhaza kumaseshini ahlonza izindawo ezingase zithuthukiswe kanye nendlela yokuqalisa izixazululo ezithuthukisa ikhwalithi yazo emsebenzini.

Izinzuzo zemboni

Kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa ze-Industry 5.0 ezigqanyiswe umbiko we-EU wamabhizinisi, kodwa ezintathu zigqama ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye: ukugcinwa kwethalente labantu elithe xaxa nelingcono, ukonga amandla kanye nokuqina okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunenzuzo yesikhathi eside iyonke, futhi ebaluleke kakhulu kukho konke: ukuncintisana nokuhambisana ngokujwayela izimboni ezimakethe ezintsha kanye nomhlaba oshintsha njalo.

Esimweni sokuqala, ukukhanga nokugcinwa kwethalente, siphinde sibone enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ze-Industry 5.0. Iminyaka Eyinkulungwane futhi abomdabu bedijithali, abazokwenza u-75% wabasebenzi ngo-2025, banezintandokazi nezisusa ezihluke kakhulu kunezizukulwane ezedlule. Isibonelo, amaphesenti aphezulu abo abheka isibopho senkampani emphakathini nokuzibophezela emvelweni kubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokusebenza nabo.

Ukuze inkampani yamukele amanani adingekayo ukuze ihehe laba basebenzi abakhulu nabakhethekile, akufanele nje ilungise izinqubo zayo zokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi iqale amanye amaphrojekthi ebhizinisini layo, njengezinhlelo zokuvolontiya emphakathini noma imisebenzi evuna indawo. umphakathi.

Ukufundwa Okuhlobene

• Isiqhingi esimeme ngokusho kwe-DIS - Pitti Immagine Uomo, 14-17 June 2022
• Imboni 5.0: Ukusuka kumbono ukuya kuzijwayeza - Umcimbi waku-inthanethi, 22 Septhemba 2022
• I-Industry 4.0: ngo-2025, ama-34% ezinkampani zase-Italy emkhakheni wokukhiqiza zihlela ukutshala imali ku-digitalization of process. U-Ingenn ufuna abantu abakhethekile
• "Ukuthuthukiswa kabusha njenge-flywheel of innovation"  
• I-Microvast ijoyina i-consortium eholwa yi-Shell ukuze ikhuthaze ukukhishwa kwe-carbonisation embonini yezimayini

Ercole Palmeri