Amashadi e-Excel, ayini, indlela yokudala ishadi nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ishadi elifanele

Ishadi le-Excel liwumfanekiso obonisa idatha ekhasini lokusebenzela le-Excel.

Uzokwazi ukuhlaziya idatha ngokuphumelelayo ngokubheka igrafu ku-Excel kunezinombolo ezisesethi yedatha.

I-Excel ihlanganisa amashadi anhlobonhlobo ongawasebenzisa ukumela idatha yakho.

Isikhathi sokufunda esilinganiselwe: 14 imizuzu

Ukwakha ishadi ku-Excel kulula. Ukubheka igrafu kusisiza ukuthi sihlaziye amamethrikhi ahlukahlukene ngokuyibheka nje.

Indlela yokudala Ishadi le-Excel

Izinyathelo ezibalulekile ekudaleni ishadi le-Excel yilezi:

• Ukukhetha idatha ezofakwa eshadini
• Khetha uhlobo lweshadi ofuna ukulisebenzisa
• Shintsha ukwakheka kweshadi lakho
• Shintsha ukufometha kweshadi
• Ithekelisa igrafu

Ukukhetha idatha ezosetshenziswa eshadini

Isinyathelo sokuqala lapho udala ishadi le-Excel ukukhetha idatha ofuna ukuyisebenzisa kumdwebo noma igrafu.

Amashadi angaqhathanisa amasethi amabili noma ngaphezulu edatha kusipredishithi sakho se-Excel, kuye ngolwazi ofuna ukuxhumana nalo ngaphakathi kweshadi.

Uma usuwahlonze amaphoyinti edatha yakho, ungakhetha idatha ozoyifaka eshadini lakho.

Sebenzisa ikhesa yakho ukuze ugqamise amaseli aqukethe idatha ofuna ukuyifaka eshadini. Amaseli akhethiwe azogqanyiswa ngomngcele oluhlaza.

Uma usuyikhethile idatha yakho, ungadlulela esinyathelweni esilandelayo bese ukhetha uhlobo lweshadi lakho.

Khetha uhlobo lweshadi ofuna ukulisebenzisa

I-Excel inikeza izinhlobo eziningi zeshadi ezingasetshenziswa ukubonisa ulwazi.

Ungakwazi ukuxhumana ukuthi wethula kanjani idatha yakho ngendlela ehlukile, kuye ngohlobo lweshadi olisebenzisayo.

Uma usuyikhethile idatha yakho, chofoza ithebhu ethi Faka, bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi Amashadi Anconyiwe eqenjini elithi Amashadi ku-Ribbon. Uzobona izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamashadi ongakhetha kuzo. Chofoza okuthi KULUNGILE futhi ishadi lizovela encwadini yakho yokusebenza.

Kukhona futhi izixhumanisi zezinhlobo zamashadi ezidume kakhulu eqenjini lamaShadi ku-Ribbon. Ungakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa lezi zinkinobho ukuze uguqule uhlobo lweshadi noma kunini.

Shintsha uhlobo lweshadi

Ungakwazi ukushintshela kalula ohlotsheni lweshadi oluhlukile noma kunini:

1. Khetha ishadi.
2. Kuthebhu Yokuklama Ishadi, eqenjini Lohlobo, chofoza Shintsha Uhlobo Lweshadi.

3. Ngakwesokunxele, chofoza Ikholomu.

4. Chofoza okuthi KULUNGILE.

Shintsha Umugqa/Ikholomu

Uma ufuna ukubonisa izilwane (esikhundleni sezinyanga) eksisi evundlile, yenza lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo.

1. Khetha ishadi.
2. Kuthebhu Yokuklama Ishadi, eqenjini Ledatha, chofoza Shintsha Umugqa/Ikholomu.

Ukuthola umphumela olandelayo

Indawo yenganekwane

Ukuze uhambise inganekwane kwesokudla seshadi, yenza lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo.

1. Khetha ishadi.
2. Chofoza inkinobho ethi + kwesokudla seshadi, chofoza umcibisholo eduze kwe-Legend, bese uchofoza Kwesokudla.

I-Risultato:

Amalebula edatha

Ungasebenzisa amalebula edatha ukuze ugxilise ukunaka kwabafundi bakho ochungechungeni lwedatha olulodwa noma iphoyinti ledatha.

1. Khetha ishadi.
2. Chofoza ibha eluhlaza ukuze ukhethe uchungechunge lwedatha lukaJuni.
3. Bamba phansi i-CTRL bese usebenzisa okhiye bemicibisholo ukuze ukhethe inani lamahlengethwa kaJuni (ibha encane eluhlaza).
4. Chofoza inkinobho ethi + kwesokudla seshadi bese uchofoza ibhokisi lokuthikha eduze kokuthi Amalebula Edatha.

I-Risultato:

Izinhlobo zamashadi

I-Microsoft Excel okwamanje inikeza izinhlobo zeshadi ezihlukene eziyi-17 ezitholakalayo ukuze zisetshenziswe.

Uhlobo ngalunye lweshadi lunokubukeka nenjongo ethile.

I-Histogram

Ishadi lekholomu elihlanganisiwe lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa uchungechunge lwamasethi edatha amabili noma ngaphezulu kumakholomu aqoqiwe aqondile. Amakholomu aqondile ahlanganiswe ndawonye ngenxa yokuthi isethi yedatha ngayinye yabelana ngamalebula e-eksisi afanayo. Amakholomu ahlanganisiwe awusizo ekuqhathaniseni ngokuqondile amasethi edatha.

Igrafu yomugqa

Ishadi lomugqa lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa amathrendi edatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuxhuma amaphoyinti edatha ngemigqa eqondile. Amashadi olayini angaqhathanisa idatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eqenjini elilodwa noma amaningi futhi angasetshenziswa ukukala izinguquko esikhathini eside noma esifushane.

Ishadi likaphayi

Ishadi likaphayi, noma amashadi ophaya, lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa ulwazi njengephesenti lakho lonke. Uphaya wonke umele u-100% yenani olilinganisayo, futhi amaphuzu edatha awucezu noma amaphesenti alowo phayi. Amashadi ophayi awusizo ekuboneni ngeso lengqondo umnikelo wephoyinti ngalinye ledatha kudathasethi yonke.

Ishadi lebha elihlanganisiwe

Ishadi lebha elihlanganisiwe, noma ishadi lebha, lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa uchungechunge lwamasethi edatha amabili noma ngaphezulu kumabha aqoqwe avundlile. Amabha avundlile aqoqwe ndawonye ngoba idathasethi ngayinye yabelana ngamalebula e-eksisi afanayo. Amabha ahlanganisiwe awusizo ekuqhathaniseni ngokuqondile amasethi edatha.

Igrafu yendawo

Ishadi lendawo, noma ishadi lendawo, igrafu yomugqa enendawo egcwaliswe ngaphansi komugqa ngamunye ngekhodi yombala yesethi ngayinye yedatha.

Isakhiwo sokuhlakaza

Isakhiwo se-scatter, noma isakhiwo sokuhlakaza, sisetshenziselwa ukubonisa amasethi amabili noma ngaphezulu edatha ukuze kubhekwe ukuhlobana namathrendi phakathi kwamasethi amanani edatha. Iziqephu ze-scatter ziwusizo ekuhlonzeni amathrendi kumasethi wedatha kanye nokuthola amandla okuhlobana phakathi kwamanani kulawo masethi wedatha.

Ishadi lemephu eligcwalisiwe

Ishadi lemephu eligcwalisiwe lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa idatha yeshadi lezinga eliphezulu ngaphakathi kwemephu. Amamephu agcwele awusizo ekuboniseni idathasethi ngokusekelwe endaweni. Lolu hlobo lwemephu okwamanje lunemikhawulo ebalulekile ohlotsheni lolwazi olungalubonisa.

Ishadi lesitoko

Ishadi lesitoko, noma ishadi lesitoko, lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa ukuhamba kwentengo yesitoko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amanye amanani angasetshenziswa kulawa mashadi Intengo yokuvula, intengo yokuvala, iphezulu, iphansi kanye nevolumu. Amashadi esitoko awusizo ekubukeni amathrendi entengo yesitoko nokuntengantenga kwesikhathi.

Igrafu engaphezulu

Ishadi elingaphezulu, noma ishadi elingaphezulu, lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa uchungechunge lwamasethi edatha amabili noma ngaphezulu ezindaweni eziqondile. Izindawo eziqondile ziqoqwa ndawonye, ​​njengoba isethi yedatha ngayinye yabelana ngamalebula e-eksisi afanayo. Indawo iwusizo ekuqhathaniseni ngokuqondile amasethi edatha.

Ishadi lerada

Ishadi le-radar (eyaziwa nangokuthi ishadi lesicabucabu) lisetshenziselwa ukuhlela iqembu elilodwa noma amaningi amanani kuzo zonke izici ezivamile. Ziwusizo uma ungakwazi ukuqhathanisa ngokuqondile okuguquguqukayo futhi ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ekubukeni ukuhlaziya ukusebenza noma idatha yocwaningo.

Ishadi lemephu yesihlahla

Ishadi le-Treemap liwuhlobo lokuboniswa kwedatha olunikeza ukubuka okulandelanayo kwedatha yakho, okwenza kube lula ukubona amaphethini. Kumephu yesihlahla, i-elementi ngayinye noma igatsha limelelwa umumo ongunxande, onxande abancane abamele amaqoqo amancane noma amagatsha.

ishadi Sunburst

Igrafu Sunburst wuhlobo lokuboniswa kwedatha oluhlinzeka ngokubuka kwedatha, okwenza kube lula ukubona amaphethini. Vuliwe Sunburst, isigaba ngasinye sethulwe ngendlela eyisiyingi. Iringi ngayinye imele izinga kuhlelo, lapho izinga eliphezulu lihambisana neringi engaphakathi impela. Amaringi angaphandle alandelela izigaba.

Igrafu ye-Histogram

I-histogram iyithuluzi lokuhlaziya elidumile elisetshenziswa emhlabeni webhizinisi. Ngokufana nokubukeka kweshadi lebha, i-histogram icindezela idatha ukuze ichazwe kalula ngokuhlanganisa amaphuzu abe ububanzi noma imigqomo.

Ibhokisi kanye negrafu ye-whisker

Ishadi Lebhokisi kanye neWhisker liyishadi lezibalo elibonisa idatha yezinombolo kuwo wonke ama-quartile awo ezibalo (ubuncane, i-quartile yokuqala, i-median, i-quartile yesithathu, kanye nobukhulu).

Ishadi lempophoma

Ishadi lempophoma, ngezinye izikhathi elibizwa ngokuthi ishadi lebhuloho, libonisa amanani angaphansi angezwe kuwo noma akhishiwe kunani lokuqala. Izibonelo zifaka imali engenayo yonke noma inani lephothifoliyo yesitoko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ishadi lefaneli

Ishadi lefaneli liyingxenye yomndeni wakwa-Excel wamashadi alandelanayo. Amashadi efaneli avame ukusetshenziswa ebhizinisini noma emisebenzini yokuthengisa ukuze abonise amanani ukusuka kwesinye isigaba ukuya kwesinye. Amashadi efaneli adinga isigaba kanye nenani. Imikhuba emihle iphakamisa ubuncane bezinyathelo ezintathu.

Ishadi elihlanganisiwe

Ishadi le-combo lisebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zamashadi e-Excel eshadini elilodwa. Asetshenziselwa ukubonisa amasethi edatha amabili ahlukene esihlokweni esifanayo.

Ukufundwa Okuhlobene

• Ungawakha kanjani umbiko wephrojekthi ne-Microsoft Project
• Imisebenzi yezibalo ye-Excel: Isifundo esinezibonelo zocwaningo, ingxenye yesine
• Imisebenzi yezibalo ye-Excel: Isifundo esinezibonelo, ingxenye yokuqala
• Ungayenza kanjani imibiko nokuthi ungayikhipha kanjani idatha ehlelekile kumaphrojekthi akho aphethwe nge-MS Project
• Amathebula e-Pivot: ukuthi ayini, angakha kanjani ku-Excel naku-Google. Isifundo esinezibonelo

Ercole Palmeri